Afterwards, the paint is cured at a temperature of 115 degrees for 1.5 hours.ħ. Excess paint is washed off in two additional operations with an ultra-filtration rinse.Ħ. The electrostatic cathodic dip painting follows by immersing the crane components completely in the paint.ĥ. After two additional rinsing processes, the surfaces are passivated as well as rinsed with ultra-pure water.Ĥ.
The components are degreased, rinsed, activated and coated with zinc phosphating in the individual immersion tanks.ģ. The crane components are cleaned of all impurities by means of cut steel shot blasting.Ģ. Through this innovative technology for surface coating, PALFINGER creates a quality standard that is usually only found in the automobile industry.ġ. The components pass through the priming and painting process stages fully automatically. The model indicates that as much as 30% of the scrap that was potentially available in 2001 as end-of-life scrap has either been accumulated within the economic system or lost to landfill.The right surface treatment is the foundation for durable and long-lasting surface protection. By comparing modelled generation of scrap with actual scrap consumption in the UK, we obtain estimates of loss or accumulation of iron and steel scrap in the UK. This is an application to material flow accounting of the theory of residence time distributions used routinely in chemical reaction engineering. Information on the amounts of iron and steel going into different groups of goods, together with values for their estimated lifetimes, have enabled modelling of the annual release of iron and steel from the use phase in the form of end-of-life scrap.
The first part of this paper series investigated production and consumption trends of iron and steel in the UK, whereas this paper focuses on scrap generation and recycling. This paper presents an analysis of the use of iron and steel in the UK and explores how much of the iron and steel is recycled when it becomes obsolete after use.
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